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Generations of Computer Part 2


Third Generation Computer

The period of third generation was from 1965-1971.

These computers were faster, smaller,generate less heat, consumed less space and less power and more reliable than first and second generation computers but these computers were still costly.The computers of third generation used Integrated Circuits (ICs) in place of transistors. A single IC has many transistors, resistors, and capacitors along with the associated circuitry.

This development made computers smarter, reliable, and efficient. In this generation remote processing, time-sharing, multi programming operating system were used. High-level languages like PASCAL PL/1, BASIC, ALGOL-68 were used during this generation.
Some of the third generation computers are as follow:
  1. IBM-360 series
  2. Honeywell-6000 series
  3. PDP (Personal Data Processor)
  4. IBM-370/168
  5. TDC-316

Fourth Generation Computer

The fourth generation was invented in 1971 and is still being used.Most of the people believe that 1980 was the time when people shifted to something more advance but the fact is these computers are still being used commercially. 

Computers of fourth generation used Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. VLSI circuits having about 5000 transistors and other circuit elements with their associated circuits on a single chip made it possible to have microcomputers of fourth generation.
Fourth generation computers became more powerful, compact, reliable, and affordable. As a result, it gave rise to Personal Computer (PC) revolution. In this generation, time sharing, real time networks, distributed operating system were used. All the high-level languages like C#, C++, JAVA etc., are used in this generation.
Some of the fourth generation computers are as follow:
  1. DEC 10
  2. STAR 1000
  3. PDP 11
  4. CRAY-1(Super Computer)
  5. CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer)

Fifth Generation Computer


Fifth generation computers are in developmental stage which is based on the artificial intelligence. The goal of the fifth generation is to develop the device which could respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and self-organization. Quantum computation and molecular and nanotechnology will be used in this technology. So we can say that the fifth generation computers will have the power of human intelligence.

Some Important QnA's

What is the difference between vacuum tubes and transistors?
The main difference is that transistors are faster and more reliable than vacuum tubes . One transistor is equivalent of 40 vacuum tubes.

Which generation computer produce most heat?
First generation computers produce the most heat.

ENIAC and super computers both are huge then what is the difference between these computers?
Although both are huge but super computers belong to fourth generation computers where as ENIAC belong to first generation computer.

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